Also, I was thinking about this and another piece that might come into play relates to the partnerships with animal welfare groups that are in place to provide veterinary care for guests or clients. Some of these groups might themselves have a spay/neuter requirement to receive financial support to cover the cost of more expensive veterinary expenses, specifically. I think it's probably less of an issue to access basic things like vaccinations and flea/tick prevention, etc as those are generally more widely available. But also certainly that will depend on location and whatever veterinary resources are nearby. If animal groups are not willing to compromise on any of their requirements within any official partnerships, shelters might be at their mercy as the non-negotiables for basic veterinary care. If that's the case, the basics like vaccines and flea prevention might not be accessible if a pet is not spayed/neutered or an owner refuses to agree to that in the future. This is all assuming, of course, that the shelter does not have funding or options for veterinary care and would be reliant on limited services through other nonprofits or municipal groups that might have lengthy requirements for access.